AASCU schools enroll more than three million students or 56 percent of the enrollment at all public four-year institutions. The American Association of State Colleges and Universities was established in 1961 in response to: "The growing impact of the federal government on higher education, particularly as it related to research grants and other grants-in-aid, had made it absolutely necessary that a strong national association be formed to represent the interests of students in state colleges and universities." AASCU grew out of the Association of Teacher Education Institutions organized in 1951 to serve public comprehensive institutions most of them having begun as single purpose institutions, most of them normal schools.